Radiator



April 1, 1930.

E. L. ANDERSON RADIATOR Filed Sept 15, 1928 4 Sheets-Sheet l mveu-ronEDWJED L .JNDEKJOM BY MML-+M AT'I'ORNEYQ Aga n 1, 1930.

E. .L. ANDERSON RADIATOR Filed Sept 15, 1928 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 [911281 L-INDEESGM 51 1mm -r JMZMW' ATTORNEY? April 1, 1930; E. L. ANDERSONRADIATOR Filed Sept. 15, 1928 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 M. awn 1m 7 R EN 0 WL M Mm] n w Hlv HlY m N QE April 1, 1930. E. ANDERSON RADIATOR 1928 4Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Sept. 15

) NV E NT 0 R 520mm 1. ,M aesa/m ATTORNEY? Patented Apr. 1, 1930 UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE EDWARD I0. ANDERSON, OF GROSS ILE, MICHIGAN,ASSIGNOR TO AMERICAN BLOWER CORPORATION, 013 DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ACORPORATION OF DELAWARE RADIATOR Application filed September 15, 1928.Serial No. 306,189,

My invention relates to radiators. It is the object of my invention toprovide a radiator with a minimum of resistance to the flow of air overthe radiating elements, and with the maximum of radiation of the heat tothe air so flowing over the elements. Accordingly, it is my object toprovide air guiding radiating plateson the heat tubes so arranged as totake advantage of the flow of air, to divide the air streams with theminimum of resistance, to eliminate eddying currents and back pressure,to facilitate the entrance of the air streams between the plates, and tothen provide for the radiating of the heat from the plates into the airstream, thereby increasing the radiation from the pipes.

It is a further object of my invention to a provide steam pipes of astreamline configuration to fit with the air stream'as formed and guidedbetween the plates and between the pipes.

Referring to the drawings :v Figure 1 1s a front elevation of theradiator. Figure 2 is a side elevation thereof. Figure 3 is an enlargedside elevation.

Fi re 4 is a plan view of one of the radiating p ates with the tubes insection.

Figure 5 is a section on the line 5-5 of Figure 4. Figure 6 is a sectionon the line 6-6 of Figure 4.

Figure 7 is an enlarged plan view of the construction shown in Figure 5.

Figure 8 is an enlarged plan view of the construction shown in Figure 6.

Figure 9 is an enlarged plan view of a portion of the heat radiatingplate, showing the construction where the plate is struck-up, butclosed, and struck-up, but open. Referring to the drawings, 1 and 2designate headers for supporting the pipes conveying the steam,designated 3. The headers are supplied with the usual steam piplng 4 and5. 45 These steam pipes which pass from header to header, are providedwith an aerofoil section to streamlme them. The side of the pipe, in thedirection of the incoming air, designated 6, is relatively blunt andstreamlined, like theleading edges ofan aerofoil, while the trailingedge is sharper, as at 7. The air travels in the direction, as in Figure4, from left to right, as indicated by the arrows.

Strung on these streamline pipes 3 is a plurality of spaced platesarranged in the plane of the air movement. These plates are of the samelength but so threaded upon the steam pipes that one plate, such as 8,has its leada a ing edge 9 projecting further from the pipe, forinstance, on'the left hand side than the leading edge 10 of the nextadjacent plate, designated 11. a p The trailing edge of plate 8 iscloser to the right-hand pip'ethan the trailing'edge of the nextadjacent plate 11. Of course, the air may be driven from over theright-hand or left-hand side because-the construction is the same, andinterchangeable." But for the purpose of discussion and description,weare assuming that the air is traveling from the left-- hand towards theright, 1

It will be notedthat the margins of these heat radiating plates 8 and 11are provided with turned-over edges 9 and 10, which are blunt at theouter ends and are brought to a taper at the rear end to form anaerofoil section. The air, as shown in Figure 3, as it passes betweenthe two'plates partakes of the form indicated by the dotted lines 12. l

I take advantage of this expansion after having entered .the plates andinterpose at a suitable point within the two lates'8 on either side ofthe intermediate p ate 11, the streamline edge of the plate 11, which isalso an aerofoil section, which serves to divide the air streamindicated by the dotted lines 12, into two air streams which pass by thenarrow throat between the plate 8 and the aerofoil of the plate 11,where, as at 13, the d vided stream again expands. Thus the mln mum ofresistance with the maximum of air distribution is accomplished.

' It will be understood that the success of a radiator of this typecommercially depends upon the economy in moving a 'ven body of 95 airthrough the radiator, plus t e amount of radiation to the air that canbe effected when the air has once been delivered, to the radiator andpassed through it. I

This leads me to the second phase of my 100 invention, namely, thedistribution of the the plane of the plates following the general lineof air movement of the air between the streamlined steam tubes 3. I havefound that heat is radiated by sharp edges so that by providing V-shapedextrusions in the surface of the plates 8 and 11 following the airstream I not only increase the area of the plate exposed to the airwithin a given area, but also provide the sharp edges for thedistribution of the heat to the air.

I further find that by providing alternate ridges and slots withstruck-up edges I am enabled to take advantage of the fact that there issome upward movement of the air through the slots particularly in thearea adjacent the tubes 3. The open slots provide four radiating edges,while the closed struck-up portion provldes two radiating edges.

Referring to this construction in detail, it will be seen in Figure 5,as well as in Figure 4', that the struck-up ridges consist of inclinedwalls 14 and 15, which terminate in sharp edges 16 and 17. The open slottype shown in Figures 4, 6 and .8 provides inclined walls 14 and 15,with an opening 18 therebetween. This opening 18 has adjacent to it thesharp edges 16, 17, 19 and 20.

The air, in entering between the plates, increases in velocity due tothe vena contracta eflect, and decreases in its velocity after passingthe throat about two diameters. This effeet is again repeated in halfvalues at point marked 13 on Figure 3.

a The action of these staggered plates is to -conform to the natural airflow in entering between plates, filling in what would otherwise be voidspace due to. the natural contraction, and following the actual lines ofair force through these orifices. By staggering the plates the venacontracta loss for a given number'of plates is reduced one half. Thisvena contracta or entry loss is a fixed value which is thus overcome toa large extent by conforming to the natural flow of air in enteringbetween plates.

I desire to comprehend within my invention such modifications as may beclearly embraced within my claims and the scope of my invention.

Having thus fully described my invention,

what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In a radiator, a plurality of steam pipes,

a plurality of spaced heat radiating plates mounted thereon, said pipesbeing arranged in staggered relationship of streamline section, and saidplates having their edges of streamline section, said edges beingarranged alternatel outside pipes, all streamline edges being sopositioned that the incoming air stream between a pair of edgesfurtherest from the pipes may expand to its maximum before being dividedby the streamline edge of the intermediate plate, and a plurality ofspaced ridges arranged in each plate between the pipes to radiate theheat from the edges of said ridges of said plates into the air stream.

2. In a radiator, a plurality of steam pipes, a plurality of spaced heatradiating plates mounted thereon, said pipes being arranged in staggeredrelationship of streamline section, and said plates having their edgesof streamline section, said edges being arranged alternately atdifferent distances from the outside pipes, all streamline edges beingso positioned that the incoming air stream between a pair of edgesfurtherest from the pipes may expand to its maximum before being dividedby the streamline edge of the inner inter mediate plate, and a pluralityof spaced 'ridges arranged in each plate between the pipes to radiatethe heat from the edges of said ridges of said plates into the airstream, said ridges being arranged in a sinuous path between thestaggered pipes to follow the general direction of the air streambetween the pipes.

3. In a radiator, a plurality of steam pipes, a plurality of spaced heatradiating plates mounted thereon, said pipes being arranged in staggeredrelationshi of streamline section, said plates having t eir edges ofstreamline section, said edges being arranged alternately at differentdistances from the outside pipes, all streamline edges being sopositioned that the incoming air stream between a pair of edgesfurtherest from the pipes may expand to its maximum before being dividedby the streamline edge of the inner intermediate plate, a plurality ofspaced ridges arranged in each plate between the pipes to radiate theheat from the edges of said ridges of said plates into the air stream,said ridges being arranged in a sinuous path between the staggered pipesto follow the general direction of the air stream between the pipes, andslots arranged in saidplates having struck-up sharp edges.

4. In a radiator, a plurality of steam pipes, a plurality of spaced heatradiating plates mounted thereon, said pipes being arranged in parallelrelationship of streamline section, and said plates having their edgesof streamline section, said edges being arranged alternately atdifferent distances from the outside pipes, all streamline edges beingso positioned that the incoming air stream between a pair of edgesfurtherest from the pipes may expand to its maximum before being dividedby the streamline edge of the inner intermediate plate, and a pluralityof spaced at different distances from the ridges arranged in each platebetween the pipes to radiate the heat from the edges of said ridges ofsaid plates into the air stream.

5. In a radiator, a plurality of steam pipes,

a plurality of spaced heat radiating plates.

mounted thereon, said pipes being arranged in parallel relationship ofstreamline section, said edges being arranged alternately at differentdistances from the outside pipes, all streamline edges being sopositioned that the incoming air stream between a pair of edgesfurtherest from the pipes may expand to its maximum before being dividedby the streamline edgeof the inner intermediate plate, a plurality ofspaced ridges arranged in each plate between the pipes to radiate theheat from the edges of said ridges of said plates into the air stream,said ridges being arranged in a sinuous path between the parallel pipesto follow the general direction of the air stream between the pipes, andslots arranged in said plates having struck-up sharp e ges. 1 1 p Intestimony whereof, I afiix my signature.

EDWARD L. ANDERSON,

